Laboratory NSD
RU

Abbreviation

abbr.

English

Latin

Comments

Acc

Nucleus accumbens

   

ACX

archicortex

archaecortex

The mammalian cerebral cortex, including that of humans, consists of three main subdivisions – neocortex, archicortex and paleocortex – with transitional regions between them (Rose, 1935; Filimonoff, 1947). The proper archaecortical regions -- hippocampus and dentate gyrus areas

ACX (d)

archicortex: dorsal primordium

   

ACX (v)

     

Am

Amygdala

Amygdala

 

aob

accessory olfactory bulbs

bulbus olfactorius accessorius

AOB is a primary center of the vomeronasal sensory system. VNO originate as a separate organ in the early prenatal ontogenesis, and even demonstrate receptor-cell till the middle fetal stages (23-26 gw) (Boehm and Gasser, 1993; Kharlamova et al., 2011). Terminal-vomeronasal system takes part in the LHRH-cell migrating system from its peripheral origin to the hypothalamus (Schwanzel-Fukuda, 1999; Boehm et al., 1994; Schwanzel-Fukuda and Pfaff, 1994). The system disfunction leads in the Kalmans' syndrom in humans. But vomeronasal system seems to degenerate in the late fetal period, so AOB seems to be a provisional/rudiment structure, which doesn't develop to the functional brain center postnatally in humans.

BG

Subpallial nuclei (striatum) + undifferentiated presumptive amygdala

striatum + amygdala

At the early foetal period basal telencephalon nuclei including striatal complex and undifferentiated amygdala: at the prefoetal developmental period  amygdaloid nuclei form a undifferentiated cell masses, boder between amygdaloid complex and presumptive putamen is also unvisible -- it becames detectable at 10-11 pcw (55-60 CRL) (Filimonoff, 1958)

bnst

bed nucleus of stria terminalis

   

C

Cerebellum

   

c_ant

Anterior comissure

Comissure anterior

 

сс

Central chanal

Canalis centralis

 

с.сal.

 

Corpus callosum

 

сGE

Caudal ganglionic eminence

 

The most caudal part of the basal proliferative zone of telencephalon

CGl

 

Corpus geniculatum laterale

 

Ch_o

optic chiasm

chiasma opticus

 

Сh_plxV3

 

   

Cint

internal capsule

Сapsula interna

 

Cl

Claustrum

Claustrum

 

cM

mammilare region of hypothalamus

corpus mammilare

 

cn

nasal cavity

Cavum nasi

 

Crc

cerebral peduncle

Crus cerebri

 

cp

cortical plate

 

The proper cortical plate of the neocortical regions consists of the cortical cell layers 1-6 (2-7, if the marginal zone (lamina zonalis) is included s the first superficial layer)

D

Diencephalon

Diencephalon

 

Db

Diagonal band

   

Dbn

Diagonal band nuclei (of Broca)

   

Dpre

diencephalon: preoptic area 

   

ECX

Entorhinal cortex

Cortex entorhinalis

transitional zone between neocortical and archaecortical regions -- periarchaecortex

GE

Ganglionic eminence

 

Proliferative zone of the basal telencephalon is an anlag for the basal telencephalon nuclei of the striatum, but also give rise to cortical oligodendrosyte and interneuron (and possible some astrosytes) lineages, while the main projective cortical neurons and astrosytes originate from ventricular-subventricular zone lining lateral ventriculus cavity

GP

Globus pallidus

Globus pallidus

 

eTh

Epithalamus

Epithalamus

 

exc.d.s.g.

excretory duct of the submandibular gland

   

fimbria

 

   

fM

 foramen of Monro

foramen intraventricularis (Monroi)

 

f.sorb.

transient supraorbital fissura  -- anlag of the future sulcus rectus

fissura supraorbitalis

There are provisional structures in the forebrain wall named primegenial fissures. This temporary structures arise in the begining of the fetal (prefetal period of gestation) -- 7-8 pcw -- and disappear in the middle of th 5th gestational mounth (13-20 gw). Despite of the constant human sucli, temporary fetal fissures engage all hemispharia wall including vz and svz, not only the cortical plate (Astavhova et al., 1958; Saveliev, 1989, 2005). This structrues are temporary, but they locate in the constant sulci places. The following fissures reffered as provisional -- f. arcuata (s. cinguli), f. supraorbitalis (s. rectus), f. marginalis (pars marginalis sulci cinguli), f. parieto-occipitalis (s. parieto-occipitalis), f. calcarina (s. calcarinus), f. collateralis (s. collateralis).

fx

 

fornix

 

hab

 

Habenula

 

hs

pituitary gland

Hypophysis

 

hTh

diencephalon: hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

 

hTh:dm

dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus

   

hTh:vm

ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus

   

ICX

Insular cortex

 

The mammalian cerebral cortex, including that of humans, consists of three main subdivisions – neocortex, archicortex and paleocortex – with transitional regions between them (Rose, 1935; Filimonoff, 1947). Peripaleocortex (Insular cortex) - transitional pallial area between neocortex and paleocortex (Filimonoff 1947): the Insula consists of the fields of neocortical (caudal 13 field and 14 field) and peripaleocortical oridgin (area insularis intermedia ii°, ii, ia) (Stankevich, 1959 [in Russian])

ii°

insular subzone 0

 

the first insular zone of peripaleocortical origin, bordered the paleocortical area (it is located between prepiriform zone (PP1 subdivision) and main insular region). This transitional zone is cell rare area: «The formation ii (insular cortex), which is the one nearest the isocortex, is characterized in early stages by a wedge-shaped widening of the cortical plate in the direction of the isocortex [neocortex] while the formation ii0 , which is the one nearest the semicortical zone [paleocortex (Filimonoff, 1974)], presents strong rare faction of the cortical plate. In the adult the formation ii° is far from being so rarefied, but it is still well differentiated from surrounding formations by its looseness and extreme effacement of stratification» (Filimonoff 1947)

Inf

Infundibulum

   

Isth

isthmus

   

iz

intermediate zone

zona intermedia

A transient zone of the developing cererbral wall contains migrating neuroblasts 

 

eye lens

Lentis oculi

 

lat.m.str.

lateral migratory stream (curve)

 

Lateral migratory stream - the pathway of the neuroblast migration from the vz (svz)/lateral ganglionic eminence angle downward, alongated the presumbtive claustrum

lGb

lateral geniculate body

   

lGE

Lateral ganglionic eminence

 

The lateral part pf the basal proliferative zone of telencephalon

l.ext.

external cell layer of retina

   

l.int

internal cell layer of retina

   

lot

lateral olfactory tract

tractus olfactorius lateralis

 

l.pigm

pigmented layer of retina

   

l. prov.

provisional Chievitz layer of retina

 

provisional Chievitz layer (noncellular) separating the outer nuclear layer from th e inner one

lt

terminal plate

lamina terminalis

 
       

VLc

Lateral ventricle: caudal horn

   
       

mam

mammillary body

   

Mbn

Meinert basal nuclei

   

Mesen

Mesencephalon

Mesencephalon

 

mGE

Medial ganglionic eminence

 

The medial part pf the basal proliferative zone of telencephalon

Mielen

 

medulla oblongata/mielencephalon

Rombencephalon or hindbrainsubdivided into the metencephalon, which differentiates into the pons and cerebellum, and mielencephlaon, which gives medulla oblongata

MZ

marginal zone = lamina zonalis

lamina zonalis

Marginal zone or the first layer of the pallial - the superficial layer of the pallium regions, located outer to the proper cortical plate

n_d

dentate nucleus

nucleus dentatus

 

nC

Caudate nucleus

 nucl. Caudatus

 

nhs

neurohypophysis

   

NCX

neocortex (isocortex (Filimonoff, 1947))

neocortex

The mammalian cerebral cortex, including that of humans, consists of three main subdivisions – neocortex, archicortex and paleocortex – with transitional regions between them (Rose, 1935; Filimonoff, 1947).

oli_i

inferior olive

oliva inferior

 

n_o

optic nerve

nervus opticus

 

nR

red nucleus

nucleus ruber

 

O

eye

Oculi

 

OB

olfactory bulb

bulbus olfactorius

 

ob_gl

incoming olfactory fibres and developing glomerular layer of the OB

   

obV

olfactory bulb ventricle

 

The olfactory bulb ventricle exists in the prenatal human OB, it closes at the middle foetel OB.

olf_e

olfactory (sensory) epitelium

 

Nasal cavity is overlayered by the sensory epitelium dorsally and respiratory epitelium ventrally

olf_n

olfactory (I) nerve

nervus olfactorius

 

olf_tr

olfactory tract

tractus olfactorius

 

or

optic recess

   
 

palatine processes

 processus palatini

 

Pam

Periamygdalar cortex

periamygdalare areae

 

PCX

paleocortex (Filimonoff, 1974), (semicortex (Filimonoff, 1947))

paleocortex

The mammalian cerebral cortex, including that of humans, consists of three main subdivisions – neocortex, archicortex and paleocortex – with transitional regions between them (Rose, 1935; Filimonoff, 1947). The paleocortex is phylogenetically the oldest cortical division representing the primary olfactory cortex. The paleocortex is a trilaminar structure comprised of a first marginal cell-sparse plexiform layer or lamina zonalis (molecularis) (I), proper cortical plate second granular (pyramidal cell) (II) and third polymorphous (III) cell layers. Pigache have provided detailed review for the definitions of the paleocortex in the European and American neurological traditions (1970). The less-known definition according to Filimonoff (1974), that is based on the comparative anatomy of the certain mammals (including dolphins) and ontogenetic material examination, including human prenatal material (1938, 1947, 1974). The diagonal band and septum pellucidum, olfactory tubercle, prepirifrom (as transitional zone) and periamygdalar cortices are referred to as the semicortex (Filimonoff, 1947), which corresponded to cortex semiparietinus by Rose (1926, 1935) and the paleocortex by Stephen (1963) and other authors.

pARX(d)

periarchaecortex (doesal primordium of ARX)

periarchaecortex

transitional zone between neocortical and archaecortical regions

Pc

Cerebral peduncle

pedunculus cerebri

 

pCA

Primary calcarine fissura (sulcus)

   

pPCX

peripaleocortical insular cortex

peripaleocortex

transitional zone between neocortical and paleocortical regions -- perisemicortical region (Filimonoff, 1947), peripaleocortex (Filimonoff, 1974). The Insula of adults consists of fields of neocortical and peripaleocortical oridgn

pm

 pia mater

 pia mater

 

PCX:Pp

     

PCX:T

     

Pae

     

pPo

Primary occipito-temporal fissura (sulcus)

   

Pp1, Pp2

prepiriform cortex

 cortex praeperiformis

Prepiriform cortex subareas were discribed by Filimonoff, the anterior part of the prepiriform cortex is corresponded to regio praepyriformis (Rose, 1935) and frontal prepiriform cortex (Allison , 1954) -- both located anatomically in the gyrus olfactorius latearalis, and Filimonoff  Pp and Ppm (transitional areas between prepirifrom and periamygdalar areas) zones slightly overlaied also anterior part of the gyrus semilunari

pr

pineal recess

   
 

provisional (temporary) primigenial fissures (sulci)

 

There are provisional structures in the forebrain wall named primegenial fissures. This temporary structures arise in the begining of the fetal (prefetal period of gestation) -- 7-8 pcw -- and disappear in the middle of th 5th gestational mounth. Despite of the constant human sucli, temporary fetal fissures engage all hemispharia wall including vz and svz, not only the cortical plate (Astavhova et al., 1958; Saveliev, 1989, 2005). This structrues are temporary, but they locate in the constant sulci places. The following fissures reffered as provisional -- f. arcuata (s. cinguli), f. supraorbitalis (s. rectus), f. marginalis (pars marginalis sulci cinguli), f. parieto-occipitalis (s. parieto-occipitalis), f. calcarina (s. calcarinus), f. collateralis (s. collateralis).

p.temp.ncx

presumptive temporal cortex

   

Put

putamen

putamen

 

pvz

 

   

VLp

choroid plexus of lateral ventricle

plexus choroideus ventriculi lateralis

 

pD

choroid plexus of Diencephalon

   

R

R-zone (Filimonoff 1955) = pСl - presumptive claustrum

 

Provisional zone of thr prefoetal and early foetal periods, which consists in inner part of undifferentiated (future) claustrum, bodered from developing putamen by lateral miratory stream

S

Septum

Septum

 

sdv

 

sulcus diencephalicus ventralis

 

si

Substantia innominata

   

Sl

Septal lateral nucl.

   

sp

spinal cord

   

sh

sulcus hippocampi

   

sm

sulcus medius

   
 

nasal septum

septum nasi

 

sp

subplate zone

 

The transient zone of the developing forebrain according to Rakic: [subplate (SP) ... contains interstitial cells and "waiting" afferents from the thalamic radiation (TR) and ipsilateral and contralateral cortico-cortical connections (CC)] (Rakic, 1988); for the recent difinition of the sublate zone see, for example, review by Ivica Kostovic (2020) (doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101883) or original paper by Kostovic et al. (2018) (doi: 10.1111/joa.12920)

st_g

statoacustic ganglion

   

sn

substantia nigra

substantia nigra

 
       

st_v

 

   

sTh

subthalamus

   

svz

subventricular zone

zona subvenricularis

It is a pallial dorsal proliferative zone (also as ventricular one) contains the radial progenitors in the early prenatal development, which have no contact with the lateral ventrucle cavity (ventricular zone cells have)

Telen

Telencephalon

Telencephalon

Prosencephalon (Forebrain) -- the most rostral primary brain vesicle -- give rise to telencephalon and diencephalon

Th

Thalamus

Thalamus

 

Th:rn

thalamic reticular nucleus

 

 
 

tonque

tonsilla

 

TO

olfactory tubercle

tuberculum olfactorium

 

tr_o

optic tract

tractus opticus

 

V3

third ventricle

ventriculus tertius cerebri

 

V4

fourth ventricle

ventriculus quartus

 

VZ

ventricular zone

   

VL

lateral ventricle

 ventriculus lateralis

 

vtg

 

   

vng

vomeronasal ganglion

   

vno

vomeronasal (Jacobon) organ

   

vnp

vomeronasal pit

   

vtn

vomeronasal-terminal nerve

   

vS

ventricular layer of the septal area

   

vz

ventricular or periventricular zone

zona ventricularis

A dorsal proliferative zone of the pallium, that is characterized by assymetrical divitions of radial glail cells, which hold contacts with the lateral ventricle surface

zi

zona incerta

   
 

 

   
 

 

   
 

 

   
 

 

   

 

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